島根農科大学研究報告

Shimane Agricultural College

ISSN:0559-8311

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島根農科大学研究報告 9

1961-03-31 発行

欧州における森林利用の変遷

The change of forest utilization in Europe

Hirata, Norio

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かの経済発展段階説で名高い，　ドイツ新歴史派経済学者カール・ビュッヒャー（Karl　Bucher1847−1930）は，その主著「国民経済の成立」のなかで，次の様な意味のことを言っている。すなわち，「人類の経済生活の種々の部門のうち，その全発展の途上において，国民の欲望充足に対するそれの地位が，根本的に変化したこと，森林ならびに林業のごときものは，おそらくは他にあるまい」と。これは，まことに至言とおもわれる。しかし，このことは，ひとり，人類の経済生活に対する関係について言い得られるばかりではなくて，広い意味での文化，すなわち，経済をも含めた文化一般に対しても言い得られるのではなかろうかと思われるが，ここでは，人類の経済生活における森林の地位が，太古以来，今日に至るまでに，時代の推移とともに，いかに変遷して来たかということを，さらに具体的な言い表わし方をすれば，人間は森林というものを，太古から今日に至るまでの間において経済生活上いかに利用してきたか，ということを，主として欧州の歴史について，概観して見たいと思う。

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