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Title Transcription
オセアニア ジンルイガク ト レキシキジュツ
Title Alternative (English)
How Can Anthropology Represent "Others"? : Anthropological Description of History of Oceania
Author
Description
Anthropology keeps on criticising itself since "Orientalism" proposed by Said, so we cannot easily talk about "Others". Said points out that discourses on Orient by Western (scholars) essentialize the Orient as residual category of the Occident. This paper discusses the problem of how anthropology can represent "Others". To overcome this critical theory, many anthropologists prescribe many answers. For example, some suggest that it is "objectification of culture", which is to say that "Others" recreate their culture consciously. Others argue that it is "strategic essentialism", which means a deliberate adoption of "essentialism". However, these cannot solve the problem as it asumes "ranked Others" like "Orientalism". "Others" with which anthropology deals is not "Others" which is entangled in ranked dichotomies as seen in "Orientalism" which invents "Orient/Occident" or in "objectification of culture" that implies "Self (as Colonizer) / Others (as Colonized)". Instead we must think "Others" as "tout-autre". They are "tout-autre" because they are living in "polyphonic realism" which involve "ambiguity" and "inconsistency". Yet, we researchers who regard "rationality" and "consistency" as important use the knowledge called "monophonic realism". And there is divergence between the two as Bourdieu points out; i.e. we can feel them in the daily life, but cannot represent them entirely. To think "tout-autre" in "monophonic" knowledge is to keep thinking the position of statment for anthropologist himself. "What kind of word or logic that cannot represent them entirely?" "Who am I that use such words or logics?" Anthropologist must write ethnographies and describe their history while questioning such problems.
Subject
オリエンタリズム
歴史記述
文化の客体化
サバルタン
多声的リアリズム
Orientalism
description of history
objectification of culture
subaltern
polyphonic realism
Journal Title
国際文化学
Volume
3
Start Page
117
End Page
131
ISSN
13451014
Published Date
2000-09
NCID
AA11402329
Publisher
神戸大学国際文化学会
NII Type
Departmental Bulletin Paper
Format
PDF
Rights
神戸大学国際文化学会
Text Version
出版社版
Gyoseki ID
e29945
OAI-PMH Set
Other