The aim of this study was to estimate the physique and physical fitness of the students in Shimane Medical University (145 males aged 18-22 years, 19 females aged 18-21 years). When these values thus obtained were compared with those of subjects aged 18-22 years in Japan, the results were as follows: 1) Physique : the average weights of the students in Shimane Medical University are more heavy than those of the national average in these age groups. This finding indicates that most of these students are stout, but not skinny. 2) Physical Fitness: the agility and the muscle power of the students are predominant, but the flexibility and the endurance are rather poor. Above all, it was noticed that the values estimated in the Harvard step test and those obtained in the endurance run declined remarkably throughout the study. These results indicate decrease in the cardio-respiratory endurance and lowering of general endurance.