ユニット型介護老人保健施設のケアスタッフが重要と考える認知症ケアの実践内容

The purpose of this study was to clarify care services that the care staff of unit-type geriatric health service facilities consider to be important for residents with dementia. Two focus group interviews were conducted, one with a group of nurses and the other with a group of careworkers. Statements relating to care services were categorized and then analyzed. From the analysis of data from the interview with nurses, 27 items of care services and 11 items of major purposes/intentions were extracted, from which five [focuses of care] were identified: [health management], [helping residents maintain their individual lifestyles], [support for independent living], [nursing care for residents at the end stage of life], and [well-coordinated care services]. From the analysis of data from the interview with careworkers, 28 items of care services and 10 items of major purposes/intentions were extracted, from which five [focuses of care] were identified: [creating a better environment] , [helping residents maintain their normal lives], [helping maintain and improve the lifestyle of individual residents, each with unique needs], [providing support in a way that respects each resident's unique personality], and [encouraging social interaction with others]. These results suggest that spending time together in a small-scale unit-type facility with a comfortable homelike environment can be an effective style of care that the care staff can provide for demented elderly residents.

本研究は,ユニット型介護老人保健施設のケアスタッフが重要と考える認知症ケアの実践内容を抽出することを目的とした。看護職4名,介護職4名の各グループについてフォーカスグループインタビューを実施し,提供されているケア行為に関する発言内容のカテゴリー化によって分析を行った。看護職が重要と考える認知症ケアとして,27のケア内容と11のケアの主な目的・意図が抽出され,【健康管理】【その人らしい生活の維持】【自立生活の支援】【看取り】【統一したケア提供】の5つのケアの焦点に集約された。介護職では,28のケア内容,10のケアの主な目的・意図,【環境づくり】【普通の生活の維持】【一人ひとりに応じた生活の維持・向上の支援】【その人らしさを生かす支援】【交流支援】の5つのケアの焦点が見出された。家庭的環境の整った小規模のユニットで,入居者とともに過ごすことが有効なケアになり得ることを示唆するものであった。