Shimane Journal of Medical Science

Shimane University Faculty of Medicine
ISSN :0386-5959(冊子体)
ISSN :2433-2410(オンライン)

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Shimane Journal of Medical Science 37 1
2020-03 発行

Comprehensive Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Transmission to Reduce Primary Liver Cancer

MUCHTAR, Amrizal Department of Microbiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan / Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, 90231, Indonesia
KARTIKA, Visi Department of Microbiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan / Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, 90231, Indonesia
丁 丹 Department of Microbiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan / Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
康 宇婷 Department of Microbiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan / Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
名越 究 Health and Medical Division, Bureau of Personnel and Education, Ministry of Defense, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8801, Japan
金廣 優一 Department of Microbiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
飯笹 久 Department of Microbiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
吉山 裕規 Department of Microbiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
ファイル
内容記述(抄録等)
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) belongs to the family of Hepadnaviridae and infects more than 2 billion people over the world. Children less than 5 years of age who become infected with the HBV are the most likely to develop chronic infection and eventually proceeds to liver cancer, which accounts for 33% cancer deaths. Prevention of HBV transmission is essential to reduce the risk of liver cancer. In order to reduce HBV transmission, it is necessary to apply a comprehensive prevention system to block vertical and horizontal transmission. Vertical transmission of HBV from mother to child is the most frequent cause in the developing countries. The HBV status of HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA in all pregnant women is screened to prevent transmission from the prenatal stage. Antiviral therapy should be considered, if HBV DNA exceeds 5 log10 copies/ ml. Horizontal transmission in the postnatal period can be prevented by universal HBV vaccination. However, if the HBeAg status of the mother becomes positive during the pregnancy, additional treatment of hepatitis B immunoglobulin, HBIG is required. Unfortunately, in most countries, comprehensive prevention systems that block vertical and horizontal transmission are not applied due to cost issues and inconvenience of transportation for residents. The vaccination program has not been appropriately established in all countries, even though the universal HBV vaccination has been widely introduced. Because of such circumstances, the rate of HBV transmission is still at high level.
権利関係
Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University