We describe a case of minimal nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) which was possibly induced by troglitazone administration in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). A 68-year-old female patient with NIDDM had been poorly treated with gliclazide (40mg/day) for Iast four years when HbAlc levels were ranged from 7.0 to 8.2%, whereas　such complications as diabetic retinopathy and overt nephropathy were not associated and serum CPR levels were preserved. In order to reduce insulin resistance, troglitazone, a new hypoglycemic agent, was started in a dose of 200mg b.i.d. However, she noticed edematous swelling in her lower extremities after two weeks and severe albuminuria (6.2g/day) developed after one month, which was persisted for the following 6 weeks although she had no previous history of proteinuria or hematuria. She was then admitted to our hospital and diagnosed by renal biopsy as MCNS associated with early-stage diabetic nephropathy. She was treated with prednisolone in combination with intensive insulin therapy. Her nephrotic state was rapidly improved. Recurrence of albuminuria was not recognized after taping off of prednisolone. These findings suggest that MCNS might be induced by troglitazone in a patient with NIDDM under the longer-term
treatment with gliclazide.