The contribution to our knowledge of the freshwater algae of Brazil already furnished by many authors since the later part of eighteenth century viz. WILLE (1884), NORDSTEDT (1877, 1889), SCHMIDLE (1901), DROUET (1939), TIFFANY (1937) and et. al. Recently, studies on the taxonomy of the freshwater algae of this region have been carried out by several workers. HUSTEDT (1965) described some new taxa of Bacillariophyceae from Amazonian district, FORSTER (1966) and BICUDO, C. M. B (1969) described several new taxa and many of the new records from the state of Sao Paulo, BICUDO, R. M. T. (1969) reported several Brazilian Characeae, and SKVORTZOV and NODA (1968-1-2) studied especially on the flagellated genera belonged ot Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Chloromonadophyta, Pyrrophyta and the certain colourless algal members. There has been quite few paper reported on the soil and aerial algae of this area.
Recently, through the kindness of Dr. B. V. SKVORTZOV of Instituto de Botanica, Sao Paulo, the author had an opportunity to study of the aerial and terrestrial algae (mostly Trentepohliacean algae) of Sao Paulo, Brazil and herein he wishes to report on the taxonomy of these algae.
The author wishes to express his cordial thanks to Professor Emeritus Dr. Yukio YAMADA of Hokkaido University and Professor Dr. Hiroyuki HIROSE of Kobe University for their criticism and encouragement.
Particular thanks are also to be offered to Dr. B. V. SKVORTZOV of Instituto de Botanica of Sao Paulo who was kindly supplying the materials used in this study.