This study investigated the compression properties in parallel direction to the grain of wood using the short columns and the s㎜all clear specimens，and clarified the relation as described below.
1. Young's moduli and compression strength of the clear small specimens were bigger than those of the short columns.
2. As a result of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test，the frequency distribution of compression strength was the normal distnbution Namely，the size effect could not be recognized on the compression strength.
3．When the type of failure of the small clear specimen was classified based on the standard of ASTM， the brooming or endrolling failure in Hinoki and the shearing failure in Beimatsu were mainly observed.