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日本語
タイトルヨミ
ジュクリョ ニ モトヅク ソウタイセイ バーバード ウィリアムズ ノ ソウタイシュギセツ
日本語以外のタイトル
Relativity based on Deliberation --Bernald Williams's Theory of Ethical Relativism--
著者
内容記述(抄録等)
In this paper, I try to discuss how the 'relativism of distance, ' a theory Bernard Williams develops in Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy, can be put properly inside his philosophical thought. Williams argues, in this theory, that, when different ethical outlooks of two societies disagree, it is the case whether the members of one society can leave their original outlook and then make that of the other society their own (he calls this case a real confrontation) or they cannot (a notional confrontation), and that, only in the latter case, a kind of relativistic state occurs (that is, it is impossible for them to value ethically the actions or attitudes in the other society). Now, according to Williams, we have to accept the possibility that those members change their outlook in the manner above because we cannot adopt, in trying to understand the ethical practice of a society, the 'objectivist model' which assumes that the disagreement between the two outlooks comes to an end through the convergence achieved on the basis of how things are in the world. Pointing out that the reflective ethical considerations do not possess the characteristics which play an important role in achieving that convergence, he insists that we must refuse the model and, instead of that, adopt the 'nonobjectivist model.' Besides, it is the ability of 'deliberative reasoning, ' handled in his paper 'Internal and external reasons, ' that Williams regards as the ability which enables those members to change their ethical outlook. In the paper, he argues that one has a reason to do any action only if the motive to do it is included in her 'subjective motivational set, ' and that she can find what elements are included in her set by advancing her own deliberative reasoning. Therefore, based on his view, those members come to be able to judge, with their own deliberation, whether the ethical outlook of the other society which seems to disagree with that of their own may be included in their set.
掲載誌名
近世哲学研究
21
開始ページ
1
終了ページ
16
ISSN
13414364
発行日
2018-03-25
出版者
西洋近世哲学史懇話会
出版者ヨミ
セイヨウ キンセイ テツガクシ コンワ カイ
資料タイプ
学術雑誌論文
ファイル形式
PDF
著者版/出版社版
出版社版
業績ID
e33587
部局
法文学部
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