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eng
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Description
Prenylquinones are isoprenoid compounds with a characteristic quinone structure and isoprenyl tail that are ubiquitous in almost all living organisms. There are four major prenylquinone classes: ubiquinone (UQ), menaquinone (MK), plastoquinone (PQ), and rhodoquinone (RQ). The quinone structure and isoprenyl tail length differ among organisms. UQ, PQ, and RQ contain benzoquinone, while MK contains naphthoquinone. UQ, MK, and RQ are involved in oxidative phosphorylation, while PQ functions in photosynthetic electron transfer. Some organisms possess two types of prenylquinones; Escherichia coli has UQ8 and MK8, and Caenorhabditis elegans has UQ9 and RQ9. Crystal structures of most of the enzymes involved in MK synthesis have been solved. Studies on the biosynthesis and functions of quinones have advanced recently, including for phylloquinone (PhQ), which has a phytyl moiety instead of an isoprenyl tail. Herein, the synthesis and applications of prenylquinones are reviewed.
Subject
Ubiquinone
menaquinone
plastoquinone
rhodoquinone
phylloquinone
Journal Title
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry
Volume
82
Issue
6
Start Page
963
End Page
977
ISSN
0916-8451
ISSN(Online)
1347-6947
Published Date
2018-2-19
DOI
Publisher
Tayler and Francis
NII Type
Journal Article
Format
PDF
Text Version
著者版
OAI-PMH Set
Faculty of Life and Environmental Science
Remark
This is an electronic version of an article published in Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry [Volume.82 No.6, pp.963-977, 2018 ]. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1080/09168451.2018.1433020